Using FET for DC Motor Forward and Reverse Circuit

Field Effect Transistor is abbreviated as FET. We will learn about DC Motor Control in forward/reverse rotation, speed control, with Field Effect Transistor (FET).

Control DC motor with forward - reverse rotation

The direction of rotation of a DC motor changes depending on the direction of the current.

For example, the circuit below is a circuit that turns the motor forward/reverse with a switch.

Basic diagram in reversing the motor forward - reverse (M)

If the switch is down as shown in the picture then the right side of the motor will be +.

When the switch is turned on, the right side of the motor turns to -, so it reverses.

Motor control and reversing circuit using FET

Replacing the switches in the circuit above with the FETs, we have the following circuit diagram.

This circuit also works, but generally the FET connects the load to the drain, so the upper two are the P-channel MOS-FET and the gate control is also separated from the lower two.

When using transistors, the upper two are PNP type and the lower two are NPN type.

Although it looks confusing on the surface, when removing the gate circuit, it is as follows.

Now see how current flows through the motor in the state of the switch.

When the switch is at the top as shown in the figure, the upper left and lower right FETs are turned on and current flows as indicated by the red arrows.

Next, when the switch is off, the upper right and lower left FETs are ON and current flows as the red arrows illustrate.

The current flowing through the motor is in the opposite direction of the above current, so it rotates in the opposite direction.

Related: Books about DC and AC Motors

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